1 - Conservation of rare and threatened species, particularly for some plants has become a difficult issue since there are dispersal problems in fragmented habitats.

2 - Prior to the dispersion of humans across the earth, extinction generally occurred at a continuous low rate, mass extinction being relatively rare events.

3 - The primary means of reproduction and dispersal for Earth's most successful plants is seeds, which develop from the female gametophyte and its associated tissues.

4 - The police ordered the dispersal of the crowds gathered round the building.

5 - The authors describe how stars form in such large groups, and why some groups stay together as they age,whereas others disperse.